What is Kejawen (Javanism)?

Kejawèn, also known as Javanism or Agama Jawa, is a religious tradition that originated in Java, Indonesia. It is a syncretic belief system that combines animistic, Buddhist, and Hindu elements, rooted in Javanese history and religiosity. The terms kebatinan, kejawèn, Agama Jawa, and Kepercayaan are often used interchangeably, but they have different meanings.

Kebatinan refers to the "science of the inner" or "inwardness", derived from the Arabic word batin, meaning "inner" or "hidden". It is the inward cultivation of inner peace, rooted in pre-Islamic traditions.

Kejawèn refers to the culture, religious beliefs, and practices of the Javanese people of Central Java and East Java. It is not a religious category, but rather an ethic and a style of life that is inspired by Javanist thinking. It is outward and community-oriented, manifesting in rituals and practices.

Agama Jawa is another term for the Javanese religion, which is a syncretic blend of Hindu, Buddhist, and animistic beliefs.

Kepercayaan, which means "belief" or "faith", is a cover term for various forms of mysticism in Indonesia, including kebatinan, kejiwan, and kerohanian. It is an official term used to refer to belief in One Mighty God.

Overall, Javanism is a unique religious tradition that blends various elements to create a syncretic belief system that is deeply rooted in Javanese history and culture. It emphasizes both inner cultivation and outward community-oriented practices.